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Monday, January 19, 2009

United Kingdom

United Kingdom - Is commonly known as the United Kingdom, UK or Britain, it is however officially The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom is a European Country and is an island country spanning Great Britain, the northeast part of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state. As the dominant industrial and maritime power of the 19th century, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two World Wars and the Irish republic withdraw from the union. The UK is one of five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, a founding member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and of the Commonwealth. UK is the fifth (nominal Gross Domestic Product) largest economy in the world. The United Kingdom has large coal, natural gas, and oil reserves; primary energy production accounts for 10% of Gross Domestic Product, one of the highest shares of any industrial nation. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of Gross Domestic Product while industry continues to decline in importance. UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm. The UK also has strong relations with the US.

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