Turkey

Turkey - Is officially known as the Republic of Turkey. Turkey is a European Country and is connected with both Europe and Asia the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey shares borders with Bulgaria, Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea is to the north. Modern Turkey was founded in 1923 from the Anatolian remnants of the defeated Ottoman Empire by national hero Mustafa Kemal, who was later honored with the title Ataturk or "Father of the Turks." Under his authoritarian leadership, the country adopted wide-ranging social, legal, and political reforms. Turkey joined the United Nations in 1945 and in 1952 it became a member of NATO. In 1964, Turkey became an associate member of the European Community; over the past decade, it has undertaken many reforms to strengthen its democracy and economy enabling it to begin accession membership talks with the European Union.
The earliest Neolithic settlements are considered to be among the earliest human settlements in the world. The settlement of Troy starts in the Neolithic and continues into the Iron Age. Through recorded history, Anatolians have spoken Indo-European, Semitic and Kartvelian languages, as well as many languages of uncertain affiliation. In fact, given the antiquity of the Indo-European Hittite and Luwian languages, some scholars have proposed Anatolia as the hypothetical center from which the Indo-European languages have radiated.